The problem of evil
In chapter 45 the puzzle of 'God and the evil in the world' is discussed at length. It is argued on the basis of facts such as the holocaust that God, the clockmaker, who created the world, has largely withdrawn from his creation. God exerts little influence on the course of history, for the simple reason that He has little power in his material creation. His true kingdom is heaven.
Whitehead's process theology is proposed to explain the apparent paradox of a loving, all-powerful God allowing untold suffering in this world. Process theology, popular among academic Protestant theologians, including professor Keith Ward of Oxford, replaces St. Augustine's static picture of the essence of God (ousia) by a dynamic one, which inherently severely limits God’s power in this world.
Chapter 45 is not an easy read but offers a rational resolution of the paradox.